Establish a L2TP/IPSEC VPN - Revision history

Ccunha64415 at 14:28, 23 January 2022

2022-01-23T14:28:29Z

Woussen.alexis59c630e at 10:03, 17 December 2020

2020-12-17T10:03:51Z

Vkoubiaharoue8c72 at 12:36, 5 March 2020

2020-03-05T12:36:41Z

Ikbot at 11:36, 9 February 2017

2017-02-09T11:36:44Z

Ikbot: Created page with "
This article has been created by an automatic translation software. You can view the article source here.

2017-02-09T11:35:37Z

Created page with " This article has been created by an automatic translation software. You can view the article source here. This article has been created by an automatic translation software. You can view the article source [[:fr:Mettre en place un VPN L2TP/IPSEC|here]]. 


==Introduction== 
A VPN (Virtual Private Network) est un système permettant de créer un lien direct entre des ordinateurs distants. On utilise notamment ce terme dans le milieu de la dématérialisation fiscale et dans le travail à distance, ainsi que pour l'accès à des structures de type {{Template:Cloud computing}}. L'avantage du L2TP (Layer 2 Tunelling Protocol) réside dans l'utilisation d'une clé pré partagée en plus des identifiants de connexion habituels. A cela s'ajoute IPSEC, une technologie d'encapsulation cryptée dans la trame IP.

==Prerequisites== 
To follow this tutorial you must have : 

* A machine under a Linux distribution (Debian 8Fedora, CentOS, Ubuntu, Raspberry Pi...) ''Does not work under Debian 8 because of the repository of OpenSwan which no longer exist'' 
* Know your public ip address, if you do not know [http://http://www.mon-ip.com/ here!] 

==Tutorial== 
Firstly, log you in root (or via a user who has superuser rights). You can use Putty to connect to a machine remotely via SSH or simply open a terminal if you have access to the graphical interface of your machine.

===Update and installation packages===
First, update your machine and install the necessary repository : 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y
apt-get install openswan xl2tpd ppp lsof
</syntaxhighlight>

''OpenSwan will ask you some questions, answer y with the default values.'.
 

===Adding rules to the firewall===
Then we'll add a rule to iptables to allow VPN traffic (replace %SERVERIP% by the ip of your {{Template:Serveur}}) :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j SNAT --to-source %SERVERIP% -o eth0
</syntaxhighlight>

 
Then run the following commands to enable the routing of IP packets:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
for vpn in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/; do echo 0 > $vpn/accept_redirects; echo 0 > $vpn/send_redirects; done
sysctl -p
</syntaxhighlight>

Make the persistent to restarting the machine :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
nano /etc/rc.local
</syntaxhighlight>

Then, add at the end just before the '''exit 0''' :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
for vpn in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/; do echo 0 > $vpn/accept_redirects; echo 0 > $vpn/send_redirects; done
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j SNAT --to-source %SERVERIP% -o eth+
</syntaxhighlight>

 
===Implementation ofIPSEC===
 

Create a new configuration file ipsec :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
mv /etc/ipsec.conf /etc/ipsec.conf.bak && nano /etc/ipsec.conf
</syntaxhighlight>
Then stick this : ''Not forgetting to replace %SERVERIP% by the IP address of the {{Template:Serveur}}''
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
version 2 # conforms to second version of ipsec.conf specification

config setup
dumpdir=/var/run/pluto/
#in what directory should things started by setup (notably the Pluto daemon) be allowed to dump core?

nat_traversal=yes
#whether to accept/offer to support NAT (NAPT, also known as "IP Masqurade") workaround for IPsec

virtual_private=%v4:10.0.0.0/8,%v4:192.168.0.0/16,%v4:172.16.0.0/12,%v6:fd00::/8,%v6:fe80::/10
#contains the networks that are allowed as subnet= for the remote client. In other words, the address ranges that may live behind a NAT router through which a client connects.

protostack=netkey
#decide which protocol stack is going to be used.

force_keepalive=yes
keep_alive=60
# Send a keep-alive packet every 60 seconds.

conn L2TP-PSK-noNAT
authby=secret
#shared secret. Use rsasig for certificates.

pfs=no
#Disable pfs

auto=add
#the ipsec tunnel should be started and routes created when the ipsec daemon itself starts.

keyingtries=3
#Only negotiate a conn. 3 times.

ikelifetime=8h
keylife=1h

ike=aes256-sha1,aes128-sha1,3des-sha1
phase2alg=aes256-sha1,aes128-sha1,3des-sha1
# https://lists.openswan.org/pipermail/users/2014-April/022947.html
# specifies the phase 1 encryption scheme, the hashing algorithm, and the diffie-hellman group. The modp1024 is for Diffie-Hellman 2. Why 'modp' instead of dh? DH2 is a 1028 bit encryption algorithm that modulo's a prime number, e.g. modp1028. See RFC 5114 for details or the wiki page on diffie hellmann, if interested.

type=transport
#because we use l2tp as tunnel protocol

left=%SERVERIP%
#fill in server IP above

leftprotoport=17/1701
right=%any
rightprotoport=17/%any

dpddelay=10
# Dead Peer Dectection (RFC 3706) keepalives delay
dpdtimeout=20
# length of time (in seconds) we will idle without hearing either an R_U_THERE poll from our peer, or an R_U_THERE_ACK reply.
dpdaction=clear
# When a DPD enabled peer is declared dead, what action should be taken. clear means the eroute and SA with both be cleared.
</syntaxhighlight>

On crée ensuite le ''preshared secret'' (the pre shared key) :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
nano /etc/ipsec.secrets
</syntaxhighlight>
Then enter this line :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
%SERVERIP% %any: PSK "VotreClePlusOuMoinsSecurisee"
</syntaxhighlight>
Consider replacing %SERVERIP% par l'IP de votre {{Template:Serveur}}. Si vous séchez pour la création de votre clé vous pouvez utilisez la commande suivante :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
openssl rand -hex 30
</syntaxhighlight>

 
We check that everything is fine, so you use this command :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
ipsec verify
</syntaxhighlight>
And you must get :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
Checking your system to see if IPsec got installed and started correctly:
Version check and ipsec on-path [OK]
Linux Openswan U2.6.38/K3.13.0-24-generic (netkey)
Checking for IPsec support in kernel [OK]
SAref kernel support [N/A]
NETKEY: Testing XFRM related proc values [OK]
[OK]
[OK]
Checking that pluto is running [OK]
Pluto listening for IKE on udp 500 [OK]
Pluto listening for NAT-T on udp 4500 [OK]
Checking for 'ip' command [OK]
Checking /bin/sh is not /bin/dash [WARNING]
Checking for 'iptables' command [OK]
Opportunistic Encryption Support [DISABLED]
</syntaxhighlight>

===Configuration de xl2tpd===

Let's start by editing a new configuration file :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
mv /etc/xl2tpd/xl2tpd.conf /etc/xl2tpd/xl2tpd.conf.bak && nano /etc/xl2tpd/xl2tpd.conf
</syntaxhighlight>

Then stick this :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
[global]
ipsec saref = yes
saref refinfo = 30

;debug avp = yes
;debug network = yes
;debug state = yes
;debug tunnel = yes

[lns default]
ip range = 172.16.1.30-172.16.1.100
local ip = 172.16.1.1
refuse pap = yes
require authentication = yes
;ppp debug = yes
pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd
length bit = yes
</syntaxhighlight>

===PPP configuration===
For this part, we will again create a new configuration file ''(too new in one sentence :3)'' :

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
mv /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd.bak && nano /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd
</syntaxhighlight>

Then insert this :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
require-mschap-v2
ms-dns 8.8.8.8
ms-dns 8.8.4.4
auth
mtu 1200
mru 1000
crtscts
hide-password
modem
name l2tpd
proxyarp
lcp-echo-interval 30
lcp-echo-failure 4
</syntaxhighlight>

Here, I used the public DNS to Google, free for you to modify and use the ones of your choice ! ;)

===Adding users===

FINALLY ! This crucial step will allow you to set the login and passwords to your vpn users, just edit this file :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
nano /etc/ppp/chap-secrets
</syntaxhighlight>
below a typical line:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
jean l2tpd 0F92E5FC2414101EA *
</syntaxhighlight>
 
'''ATTENTION : This file is case sensitive, if you put a capital letter, you need to keep it when you type your login or password.'''
 

===Finally restart : ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
/etc/init.d/ipsec restart && /etc/init.d/xl2tpd restart
</syntaxhighlight>


 
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[[Category:VPN]] [[Category:Linux]]

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 ==Introduction== <!--T:1-->
-A VPN (Virtual Private Network) est un système permettant de créer un lien direct entre des ordinateurs distants. On utilise notamment ce terme dans le milieu de la dématérialisation fiscale et dans le travail à distance, ainsi que pour l'accès à des structures de type {{Template:Cloud computing}}. L'avantage du L2TP (Layer 2 Tunelling Protocol) réside dans l'utilisation d'une clé pré partagée en plus des identifiants de connexion habituels. A cela s'ajoute IPSEC, une technologie d'encapsulation cryptée dans la trame IP.
+A '''''VPN''''' (Virtual Private Network) est un système permettant de créer un lien direct entre des ordinateurs distants. On utilise notamment ce terme dans le milieu de la dématérialisation fiscale et dans le travail à distance, ainsi que pour l'accès à des structures de type {{Template:Cloud computing}}. L'avantage du L2TP (Layer 2 Tunelling Protocol) réside dans l'utilisation d'une clé pré partagée en plus des identifiants de connexion habituels. A cela s'ajoute IPSEC, une technologie d'encapsulation cryptée dans la trame IP.
 ==Prerequisites== <!--T:2-->

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 <span data-link_translate_he_title="הקמת VPN של L2TP/IPSEC"  data-link_translate_he_url="הקמת VPN של L2TP/IPSEC"></span>[[:he:הקמת VPN של L2TP/IPSEC]][[he:הקמת VPN של L2TP/IPSEC]]
 <br />This article has been created by an automatic translation software. You can view the article source [[:fr:Mettre en place un VPN L2TP/IPSEC|here]].<br /><span data-translate="fr"></span><br />
-<span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="en"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="en"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="en"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="en"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="en"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="en"></span><!-- Début de l'article. Placez votre texte ci-après et n'hésitez pas à personnaliser les chapitres selon votre besoin -->
+<span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="en"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="en"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="en"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="en"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="en"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="he"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="ru"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="ja"></span><span data-link_translate="ar"></span><span data-link_translate="zh"></span><span data-link_translate="ro"></span><span data-link_translate="pl"></span><span data-link_translate="de"></span><span data-link_translate="nl"></span><span data-link_translate="it"></span><span data-link_translate="pt"></span><span data-link_translate="es"></span><span data-link_translate="en"></span>
 ==Introduction== <!--T:1-->

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:36, 9 February 2017
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	<span data-link_translate_fr_title="Mettre en place un VPN L2TP/IPSEC" data-link_translate_fr_url="Mettre en place un VPN L2TP/IPSEC"></span>[[:fr:Mettre en place un VPN L2TP/IPSEC]][[fr:Mettre en place un VPN L2TP/IPSEC]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_en_title="Establish a L2TP/IPSEC VPN" data-link_translate_en_url="Establish a L2TP/IPSEC VPN"></span>[[:en:Establish a L2TP/IPSEC VPN]][[en:Establish a L2TP/IPSEC VPN]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_es_title="Establecer una VPN de L2TP/IPSEC" data-link_translate_es_url="Establecer una VPN de L2TP/IPSEC"></span>[[:es:Establecer una VPN de L2TP/IPSEC]][[es:Establecer una VPN de L2TP/IPSEC]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_pt_title="Estabelecer uma VPN L2TP/IPSEC" data-link_translate_pt_url="Estabelecer uma VPN L2TP/IPSEC"></span>[[:pt:Estabelecer uma VPN L2TP/IPSEC]][[pt:Estabelecer uma VPN L2TP/IPSEC]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_it_title="Stabilire una connessione VPN L2TP/IPSEC" data-link_translate_it_url="Stabilire una connessione VPN L2TP/IPSEC"></span>[[:it:Stabilire una connessione VPN L2TP/IPSEC]][[it:Stabilire una connessione VPN L2TP/IPSEC]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_nl_title="Stellen een L2TP/IPSEC VPN" data-link_translate_nl_url="Stellen een L2TP/IPSEC VPN"></span>[[:nl:Stellen een L2TP/IPSEC VPN]][[nl:Stellen een L2TP/IPSEC VPN]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_de_title="Etablieren Sie ein L2TP/IPSEC-VPN" data-link_translate_de_url="Etablieren Sie ein L2TP/IPSEC-VPN"></span>[[:de:Etablieren Sie ein L2TP/IPSEC-VPN]][[de:Etablieren Sie ein L2TP/IPSEC-VPN]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_zh_title="建立 L2TP/IPSEC VPN" data-link_translate_zh_url="建立 L2TP/IPSEC VPN"></span>[[:zh:建立 L2TP/IPSEC VPN]][[zh:建立 L2TP/IPSEC VPN]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_ar_title="إنشاء L2TP/IPSEC VPN" data-link_translate_ar_url="إنشاء L2TP/IPSEC VPN"></span>[[:ar:إنشاء L2TP/IPSEC VPN]][[ar:إنشاء L2TP/IPSEC VPN]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_ja_title="L2TP と IPSEC VPN を確立します。" data-link_translate_ja_url="L2TP と IPSEC VPN を確立します。"></span>[[:ja:L2TP と IPSEC VPN を確立します。]][[ja:L2TP と IPSEC VPN を確立します。]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_pl_title="Ustanowić połączenie sieci VPN L2TP/IPSEC" data-link_translate_pl_url="Ustanowić połączenie sieci VPN L2TP/IPSEC"></span>[[:pl:Ustanowić połączenie sieci VPN L2TP/IPSEC]][[pl:Ustanowić połączenie sieci VPN L2TP/IPSEC]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_ru_title="Установить L2TP/IPSEC VPN" data-link_translate_ru_url="Установить L2TP/IPSEC VPN"></span>[[:ru:Установить L2TP/IPSEC VPN]][[ru:Установить L2TP/IPSEC VPN]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_ro_title="Stabilească un VPN L2TP/IPSEC" data-link_translate_ro_url="Stabilească un VPN L2TP/IPSEC"></span>[[:ro:Stabilească un VPN L2TP/IPSEC]][[ro:Stabilească un VPN L2TP/IPSEC]]
		+	<span data-link_translate_he_title="הקמת VPN של L2TP/IPSEC" data-link_translate_he_url="הקמת VPN של L2TP/IPSEC"></span>[[:he:הקמת VPN של L2TP/IPSEC]][[he:הקמת VPN של L2TP/IPSEC]]
	<br />This article has been created by an automatic translation software. You can view the article source [[:fr:Mettre en place un VPN L2TP/IPSEC\|here]].<br /><span data-translate="fr"></span><br />		<br />This article has been created by an automatic translation software. You can view the article source [[:fr:Mettre en place un VPN L2TP/IPSEC\|here]].<br /><span data-translate="fr"></span><br />
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Placez votre texte ci-après et n'hésitez pas à personnaliser les chapitres selon votre besoin -->

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 <comments />
-<!-- Placez ci-dessous la ou les catégories auxquelles se rapporte votre article. Ex: [[Category:VPN]] [[Category:Linux]] -->
+<!-- Placez ci-dessous la ou les catégories auxquelles se rapporte votre article. Ex:
-[[Category:VPN]] [[Category:Linux]]
+[[Category:Linux]] [[Category:Dedicated server]]